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Review | Open Access

Diagnostic approaches for monkeypox virus

Guohao Fan1 , Jiahua Kuang1, Shengjie Zhang1, Yang Yang1, Yingxia Liu1( ), Hongzhou Lu2( )
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen, China

Guohao Fan and Jiahua Kuang contributed equally.

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Abstract

Mpox (formerly Monkeypox) is a zoonotic infection caused by Monkeypox virus (MPXV). Since 2022, Mpox epidemics have occurred in many non‐endemic countries and regions, leading the World Health Organization to declare a public health emergency of international concern. With the persistent transmission and evolution of MPXV, symptoms of Mpox have become milder, with some infections being asymptomatic. In addition, MPXV has become more contagious. Therefore, rapid and accurate diagnosis and screening of MPXV is vital to prevent and control MPXV epidemics. Here, we review and summarize the technical details, application scenarios, and the advantages and disadvantages of MPXV‐specific diagnostic methods.

Graphical Abstract

This review highlights the technical details, application scenarios, and the advantages and disadvantages of MPXV‐specific diagnostic methods. The main diagnostic techniques include (1) monkeypox virus isolation and culture (2) immunoassays (3) molecular methods (4) electron microscopy. In addition, the types of specimens for MPXV detection and their uses are introduced.

Keywords

antigendiagnosislaboratory testingmonkeypox virusspecimens

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iLABMED
Volume 2 Issue 1,
March 2024
Pages 6-13
DOI: 10.1002/ila2.36

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Cite this article:
Fan G, Kuang J, Zhang S, et al. Diagnostic approaches for monkeypox virus. iLABMED, 2024, 2(1): 6-13. https://doi.org/10.1002/ila2.36

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Received: 04 December 2023
Accepted: 06 February 2024
Published: 07 March 2024
© 2024 The Authors. Tsinghua University Press.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.