Implementation and analysis of different geomagnetic field models for attitude determination and control system (ADCS) of a satellite

An attitude determination and control system (ADCS) is essential for orientation stability and performance of slew maneuvers on the satellite. This research focuses on comparing two different geomagnetic field models, direct dipole model and International Geomagnetic Reference Field model, for modeling of magnetometer and magnetorquers. Both these magnetic field models are compared and analyzed for two satellite attitude cases: orientation stability and unloading of reaction wheels. Magnetometer modeling is utilized to get sensor data for attitude determination and control to attain orientation stability. Whereas, the magnetorquer model aids in reaction wheel unloading, by performing the required actuation on the satellite, upon interaction with the Earth’s magnetic field. The study offers a comprehensive lookout on the impact of geomagnetic field models on the overall ADCS performance, incorporating both attitude estimation and control via the sensor and actuator modeling. Apart from this, valuable insights are gained into selecting optimal models based on specific mission requirements and available computational resources. Finally, this comparison and analysis results in unique findings for an actual future satellite mission, that is to be launched soon.